Tag Archives: Biology

Oxidative Phosphorylation

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Oxidative phosphorylation is best described as:

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Human Development

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Embryonic mesoderm in humans develops into which of the following structures?

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Order of the Loci

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Gene loci A, B, H and Q are in the same linkage group but not necessarily in that order. Test crosses were done with each cross involving two of the gene loci. A percent recombination was obtained for each pair of gene loci.

What is the order of the loci?

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Positive Feedback

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The plasma proteins that bind thyroid hormones are albumin, a prealbumin called thyroxine-binding prealbumin (TBPA), and thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG). The free thyroid hormones in plasma are in equilibrium with the protein-bound thyroid hormones in the tissues. Free thyroid hormones are added to the circulating pool by the thyroid. It is the free thyroid hormones in plasma that are physiologically active (increasing the metabolic rate) and imbalances in these hormones result in thyroid disease. In thyroid storm, a form of hyperthyroidism, the normal body temperature of 37.5 oC may rise to over 40 oC.

Parathormone and the thyroid hormone calcitonin work antagonistically to regulate the plasma calcium and phosphate levels.

Which of the following is an example of positive feedback?

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Process of Oxidation

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Which of the following best describes the process of oxidation?

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Process of Dialysis

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The human kidney can be damaged from a number of causes resulting in a patient’s inability to filter toxins (i.e. urea) from the body which could result in death. Complete kidney failure is usually first treated with dialysis which “cleans” the blood.


Figure 1: The “dialyzer” is a glass container that has 3 main components: (1) blood percolating through to be cleaned; (2) a dividing membrane; and (3) the dialysate. The latter is liquid containing chemicals used to draw fluids and toxins out of the bloodstream and supply electrolytes and other chemicals to the bloodstream (image: kidney.niddk.nih.gov).

All of the following are consistent with the process of dialysis EXCEPT:

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Engulfing Particles into a Cell

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Which of the following terms best describes the process of a cell engulfing solid particles?

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Kingdom Monera


Which of the following is considered to be the defining characteristic of organisms in the Kingdom Monera?

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Not Part of the Respiratory System


Which of the following is NOT considered part of the respiratory system?

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DNA Delivery Methods


In gene therapy, which of these non-viral DNA delivery methods requires endocytosis?

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