In general, each cell synthesizes its own macromolecules and does not receive them previously formed from other cells. For example, muscle cells make their own glycogen, rather than receiving it intact from the:
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Which of the following vitamins is absorbed in the stomach, not duodenum, via parietal cell production of a Glycoprotein (GIF)?
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C.
Vitamin B12 is the only vitamin absorbed by the body prior to transportation through the Pyloric Sphincter into the small intestines.
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Cyanide is a poison that interferes with cytochrome activity. In what part of a human cell does cyanide have its effects?
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B.
Only glycolysis takes place in the cytosol. Both the Krebs cycle and transport chain occur in the mitochondria (ribosomes are the site of protein synthesis).
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In the kidney, the distal convoluted tubules of the nephron contain a filtrate in which the sodium concentration is lower than in the surrounding peritubular capillaries. If sodium ions move from filtrate to blood, what process is at work?
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D.
This question requires a basic understanding of membrane transport mechanisms. When a substance moves against a concentration gradient (from low concentration to high), energy is required. Active transport is the only mechanism capable of moving sodium in the direction described.
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