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(Fill in the blanks) Benzoic acid can be extracted into water from an organic solvent using _________ and then removed from the water into an organic solvent by the addition of _________.
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Correct Answer: D. Benzoic acid, an organic compound, is insoluble in water. Extraction into water can be achieved with aqueous sodium hydroxide (deprotonation -> polar sodium benzoate, now soluble in water). Transfer of the benzoate back into organic solution is accomplished by treatment with hydrochloric acid (protonation -> less polar benzoic acid).
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